Urologic oncology is a urological subspecialty that diagnoses and treats cancers of the male and female urinary tract and the male reproductive organs. Urologic oncologists are trained to treat urinary tract malignancies using a variety of tools and technologies designed to treat the disease while sparing healthy tissue. A urologic oncologist will work closely with your care team to tailor treatments to your specific cancer, help reduce side effects, and address issues of sexual function. Some procedures that a urologic oncologist may perform include Radical prostatectomy partial or complete removal of the prostate Radical nephrectomy removal of one or both kidneys Radical or a partial cystectomy partial or complete bladder removal.